Financial Statement Analysis - 46110047

Anastasia Prisella

3B D-4

461 100 047

Financial Statement Analysis

(Logit Analysis)

A.    Financial Statement

Financial statement is the documents that provide information about the financial situation of a company that describes the investment activities, financing, and operations company.

That exist in financial statement  are:

·         Balance Sheet is summarizes the assets, liabilities, and owners’ equity of a company  at the end of a year;

·         Income Statement is summarizes the revenues and expenses of the firm at the end of a year;

·         Statement Of Changes In Equity to show the changes accounts of equity

·         Statement Of Cash Flow  to show cash inflow and cash outflow that separate based on operating , investing, and financing;

·         Notes to financial statement(CALK)to explanation of information that include the part which is important from financial statement .

B.     Financial Statement Analysis

Financial Statement Analysis is the process of reviewing and evaluating a company's financial statements (such as the balance sheet or profit and loss statement), thereby gaining an understanding of the financial health of the company and enabling more effective decision making.

Technique for financial statement analysis are:

·         Horizontal analysis

·         Cross-section analysis

·         Common-size analysis/vertical analysis

·         Financial analysis ratio

·         Discuss and management analysis

Scope of financial statement analysis

·         Liquidity Analysis;

·         Solvency Analysis;

·         Profitability Analysis;

·         Cash Flow Analysis;

·         Banckruptcy Prediction Analysis;

·         Risk Analysis;

·         Investment Analysis.

Audit Report - 3bd4

Munadia

Anastasia Prisella

Neni Maulidah

Mirdah

CHAPTER  I

INTRODUCTION

A.    BACKGROUND

The world is now a single market. Raw materials, labor and technical skills come from all over the world. Similarly, markets for products and services are now also transnational. This is because the business environment is changing rapidly, both domestically and globally. This change requires rapid movement of business people to immediately undertake a process of adaptation or adjustment to follow the motion of the pace of change is changing business environment so as not to miss and can develop into much more than the original.

In the world of mining, of PT Adaro Energy is very familiar. Because the company is already well known as a producer of thermal coal in Indonesia is second, single coal miner in Indonesia, and one of the world's premier supplier of thermal coal to market global seaborne. But in 2008, PT Adaro Energy is related to a problem that cost the state by dragging and transfer pricing. In the practice of transfer pricing, PT Adaro sells its coal to its affiliated companies, Coaltrade Services International Pte. Ltd is located in Singapore and in person it is very detrimental to the country because of the sales practices of PT Adaro has manipulated tax evasion and royalties to the state with a transaction that is not fair (not according to the price of coal on the market).

Transfer pricing practices were once only done by the company solely to assess the performance of the divisions among the members or firm, but along with the times of transfer pricing practices are also often used for tax management is an attempt to minimize the amount of tax to be paid.  

Transfer pricing is done by PT Adaro Energy tough revealed. Because at that time, Indonesia does not have a standard price of coal sold commonly used. The absence of standard prices make it difficult to determine whether the rates imposed under the standard or not. In this case, PT. Adaro Indonesia (Adaro Energy PT) suspected of selling coal at below market prices to affiliated companies in Singapore in 2005 and 2006. But then sold again in the market according to the market price. This is intended to avoid the royalties paid to the state.

Adaro issue has been a concern that the prodding of House of Representatives Commission VII Department of Energy and Natural Resources (EMR) to investigate the case.

B.     PROBLEM FORMULATION

1.      What is the result of transfer pricing by PT Adaro Energy to the state?

2.      What causes the transfer pricing by PT Adaro Energy's difficult to prove?

3.      What sanctions should be imposed on the irregularities committed by PT Adaro Energy?

4.       How is the government's efforts to prevent transfer pricing cases going back?

C.    OBJECTIVE OF THE WRITING

1.      To know the result of transfer pricing by PT Adaro Energy to the state.

2.      To determine the cause of transfer pricing by PT Adao Energy is hard to prove.

3.      To determine which sanctions should be imposed on the irregularities committed by PT Adaro Energy.

4.      To know the government's efforts to prevent transfer pricing cases occurred again.

Analysis financial Report - final (46110015)

1.       General explanation of ALK

Analysis of the financial statements of a company basically because I wanted to know the level of profitability (profit) and the level of risk or the health of a company. Financial analysis that includes financial ratio analysis, analysis of strengths and weaknesses in the financial sector will be very helpful in assessing management performance of the past and prospects for the future.

 The significance of financial statement analysis are as follows: 
a.      To management: to evaluate the company's performance, compensation, career development.

b.      For shareholders: to investigate the performance of the company, income, investment security.

c.      For creditors: to determine the company's ability to pay off the debt with interest.

d.      For the government: taxes, approval to go public.

e.      For employees: adequate income, quality of life, job security

Profitability is the ability of the company to generate a profit and sustain growth in both short term and long term. Profitability of the company is usually seen from the company's profit and loss (income statement) that shows the performance results of the company's report.

Solvency is the ability of the company to complete all its obligations, which is measured by making comparisons across all assets and liabilities against all liabilities to equity ratio

Liquidity is the ability of the company to complete its current liabilities are measured using the ratio of current assets to current liabilities

Stability is the ability of the company to maintain its business in the long term without having to suffer losses. Used to assess the stability of the company's income statement and balance sheet (balance sheet) as well as the company's various financial and non-financial indicators of other

2.       The method used in analysis

Analysis of solvency (solvency analysis) is an analysis of the company's ability to meet all its obligations, both short-term liabilities and long term liabilities. This analysis includes an analysis of two analyzes of capital structure (capital structure) and the coverage of earnings (earnings coverage). Both of these analyzes illustrate the level of financial risk and the company's ability to meet its financial payments for funding that has been done.

Analyzing Solvency: Company Earnings Coverage

Limitations of the use of capital structure as an analytical tool is not able to describe the availability of cash flow to service the debt of the company, either to pay interest or principal repayment. Therefore, the existence of analytical coverage of earnings (earnings coverage) to cover these weaknesses.

This analysis can give you an idea how far the company's ability to cover financial obligations to the owners of capital, such as investors, creditors, suppliers, etc.. In addition, the results of this analysis can also be useful to determine the level of use of debt decisions.

Capital structure analysis

1.    Financial leverage ratio shows how much the assets owned by the company financed from equity. 2.   The total debt to total capital ratio shows the composition of the debt financing with the rest of the funding. 

3.     Total debt to equity capital ratio shows composition of debt financing to equity financing.

4.   Long-term debt to equity capital ratio shows the composition of long-term debt financing to equity financing.

5.       short-term debt to total debt ratio shows the composition of debt financing.

earnings coverage analysis

1. earnings to fixed charges ratio shows how much profit is generated is available to cover fixed expenses companies.

2.  Time ratio earning shows how much profit available to cover interest expense.

3. cash interest coverage ratio  demonstrate the ability of companies providing cash to cover interest expense.

4. cash flow to fixed charges ratio shows how much cash flow from operations that is available to cover fixed charges

Analysis Financial Report - final (46110049)

Definision of Financial Report Analysis

Analysis of the financial statements is one of the tasks for each financial managers as internal party who is responsible for the company's finances. In addition to financial managers, various external parties also have an interest in analyzing a company's financial statements.

Financial Statement Analysis is a process of analysis of financial statements, in order to provide additional information to users of financial statements for economic decision-making, so the quality of the decisions taken will be better. (Jarwanto P.S)

We can conclude financial statement analysis is a decomposition process of the financial statements to determine the financial condition of the company to be used on the getting of managerial decisions.

The scope of financial statement analysis 

Analysis of the financial statements to evaluate the financial position and performance of an enterprise includes four main aspects of the financial:

1.      Liquidity Analysis

Liquidity analysis is an analysis of the short-term perspective. In general, liquidity analysis is an analysis of the company's ability to meet its short term obligations

2.      Solvency Analysis

Analysis of solvency or solvency analysis is an analysis of the long-term perspective. In general, solvency analysis is an analysis of the ability of the company to meet all its obligations, both short term and long term.

3.      Profitability  Analysis

Profitability analysis is usually called the profitability analysis is an analysis of the company's ability to earn income, either by sale or by investment

4.      Cash Flow Analysis

Analysis of cash flow is an analysis of cash flows (cash inflows) and cash outflow (cash outflow). On this analysis will be described about where the sources of cash acquired companies and where cash is used by the company.

Audit Report - Group 3bD4

 “Audit Report”

                                                                                         

Compiled By  3b/D4 :

Group Members:

1.      Nirwan Suparwan (46110011)

2.      Rahmawati Ramli (46110015)

3.      Harmuliyah           (46110034)

4.      Erwin                    (46110051)

5.      Putri reski ananda (46110053)

State Polytechnic of Ujungpandang

2013

A.    Definitions of Audit Report

According to Alvin a. Arens and James k. Loebbecke: 

“Auditing is the accumulation and evaluation of evidence about information to determine and report on the degree of correspondence between the information and established criteria. Auditing should be done by a competent independent person”.

In General, the above can be interpreted as meaning that an audit is a systematic process that is carried out by a competent and independent people by collecting and evaluating evidence and aims to provide an opinion.

B.     The purpose of the audit report

The general objective of the audit of financial statements is to certify the reasonableness of pendapatatas financial statements, in all material respects, in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted. The fairness of the financial statements is measured based on definitive assertions about contained in each element are presented in the financial statements, called the definitive assertions about the management. Definitive assertions about the management presented in the financial statements can be classified into five categories: existency or occurrence, Completeness, rights and obligations, valluation or allocation, presentation and disclosure.